Saga (Abrus precatorius Linn)
Gambar 1. Tanaman saga
1. Nama tanaman
Nama lokal: saga
Nama herba: Abri Folium
2. Klasifikasi Tanaman
Divisi : Spermatophyta
Sub divisi : Angiosperrnae
Kelas : Dicotyledonae
Bangsa : Resales
Suku : Leguminosae
Marga : Abrus
Jenis : Abrus precatorius Linn
(Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia, 1994).
3. Morfologi Tanaman
Daunnya majemuk, berbentuk bulat telur serta berukuran kecil-kecil. Daun Saga bersirip ganjil dan memiliki rasa agak manis. Saga mempunyai buah polong berisi biji-biji yang berwarna merah dengan titik hitam mengkilat dan licin. Bunganya berwarna ungu muda dengan bentuk menyerupai kupu-kupu, dalam tandan bunga.
4. Kandungan Kimia
Daun maupun akar mengandung protein, vitamin A,B1, B6, C, kalsium oksalat, glisirizin, flisirizinat, polygalacturomic acid dan pentosan. Daun, batang dan biji : saponin dan flavonoid. Batang : polifenol. Biji : tannin. Akar : alkaloid, saponin dan polifenol.
Kandungan kimia adalah luteolin, Isoorientin, L-Abrine, Precatorin I, II, III, Abruquinone D, E, F, Abrussaponin I, II (lebih lengkap klik di sini).
Kegunaan dan Khasiat
Berkhasiat sebagai obat sariawan, obat batuk dan obat radang tenggorokan.
5. Habitat dan Penyebarannya
Gambar 2. Buah saga
Tumbuhan ini banyak tumbuh secara liar di hutan-hutan, ladang-ladang atau sengaja dipelihara di pekarangan. Tumbuh dengan baik pada daerah dataran rendah sampai ketinggian 1000 meter di atas permukaan laut.
6. Penelitian mekanisme antikanker
Abrin and agglutinin-I from the seeds of Abrus precatorius are type II ribosome-inactivating proteins that inhibit protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. The two toxins share a high degree of sequence similarity; however, agglutinin-I is weaker in its activity (Bagaria et al., 2006).
Abrus agglutinin (AAG), a hetero tetrameric gal beta (1-3) NAc gal specific lectin, is isolated from seeds of Abrus precatorius. In our previous studies we found that the protein could act as an immunomodulator and immunoadjuvant in native (NA) and heat denatured (HDA) conditions. An anticancer effect of the lectin is reported, but its mode of action is not clearly known (Gosh, 2007).
Daftar Pustaka
Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia, 1994
Ashima Bagaria, A., Surendranath, K., Ramagopal, U.A., Ramakumar, S., Karande, A.A., 2006, Structure-Function Analysis and Insights into the Reduced Toxicity of Abrus precatorius Agglutinin I in Relation to Abrin, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281, 34465-74.
Kontributor: Sarmoko
Gambar 2. Buah saga
Tumbuhan ini banyak tumbuh secara liar di hutan-hutan, ladang-ladang atau sengaja dipelihara di pekarangan. Tumbuh dengan baik pada daerah dataran rendah sampai ketinggian 1000 meter di atas permukaan laut.
6. Penelitian mekanisme antikanker
Abrin and agglutinin-I from the seeds of Abrus precatorius are type II ribosome-inactivating proteins that inhibit protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. The two toxins share a high degree of sequence similarity; however, agglutinin-I is weaker in its activity (Bagaria et al., 2006).
Abrus agglutinin (AAG), a hetero tetrameric gal beta (1-3) NAc gal specific lectin, is isolated from seeds of Abrus precatorius. In our previous studies we found that the protein could act as an immunomodulator and immunoadjuvant in native (NA) and heat denatured (HDA) conditions. An anticancer effect of the lectin is reported, but its mode of action is not clearly known (Gosh, 2007).
Daftar Pustaka
Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia, 1994
Ashima Bagaria, A., Surendranath, K., Ramagopal, U.A., Ramakumar, S., Karande, A.A., 2006, Structure-Function Analysis and Insights into the Reduced Toxicity of Abrus precatorius Agglutinin I in Relation to Abrin, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281, 34465-74.
Ghosh D, Maiti TK., 2007, Immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities of native and heat denatured Abrus agglutinin, Immunobiology, 212(7):589-99
Kontributor: Sarmoko
